Machine for breaking quartz



S. F. HUDGE.

Ore Crusher.

Patentd Dec. 4, 1860.

[nae nZ ar 41!. Washingim D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL F. HODGE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

MACHINE FOR BREAKING QUARTZ, ROCK, &o.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 30,822, dated December 4 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL F. Hones, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and improved device for breaking rocks, designed chiefly for breaking ore into pieces of suitable size for stamping-mills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the same; Fig. 3', a plan or top View of the same; Fig. A, a side sectional view of the hopper; Fig. 5, a sectional view of the device employed when steam is used as a motor for operating the gripping rollers.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates, first, to a novel and improved means for operating the pestle or hammer, whereby the same may at the will of the operator be elevated to a greater or less height, before being liberated and allowed to fall, as circumstances may require.

The invention relates secondly to an improved construction of mortar operating (in connection with a pestle) substantially as hereinafter explained to break large rocks into pieces of suitable size to be used in stamp mills. r I

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe it. y

A, A, represent two uprights, the upper ends of which are connected by a cross bar B, and the inner sides provided with vertical ribs a, a, which serve as guides for a block C, which is attached to the lower end of a vertical rod D, which passes through the bar B.

The uprights A, A, are provided each with horizontal arms I), 0, which project from them at opposite sidesas shown in Fig. 3. The arms 6, of. the uprights serve as bearings for a shaft E, which is the driving shaft and has a fly wheel F, at one end and a toothed wheel G, at the opposite end. On the shaft E, at its center there is placed a wheel or roller H. The other arms a of the uprights are slotted longitudinally, as shown at (Z, Fig. 1 and in these slots, there are placed bearings e, 6, one in each, and in these bearings the journals of a shaft I, are placed. The shaft I, is parallel with the shaft E, and

against the inner sides of the bearings springs J, bear, which springs may be of Volute or other suitable form. To the outer sides of the bearings e, there-are attached horizontal rods or arbors f, f, one to each and these rods or arbors pass through the outer ends of the arms 0. Each rod or arbor f, has a collar 9, on it and these collars prevent the bearings 6, being thrown out from the uprights A, by the springs J, beyond a certain extent. The shaft I, has a toothed wheel K, on it at one end, said wheel gearing into the wheel G, on shaft E. The teeth of the wheels G, K, are of such a length that the lateral movement of shaft I, will not enable them to pass out of gear. The shaft I, is provided with a wheel or roller H, which is in line with the wheel or roller H, of shaft E.

On the outer parts of the arms 0, there are secured the bearings h, of a shaft L, which shaft has a lever M, secured to it. To the ends of the shaft L, there are attached pendants i, i, one at each end and these pendants e xt/end down in front of the rods or arbors To the lever M there is attached by arms 9, g, a hollow cylinder N, which is fitted on a stationary tube 0, attached to a horizontal plate P. The tube 0, has a two-way cock Q, fitted in it as shown clearly in Fig. 5.

The rod D, passes up between the wheels or rollers H, H, and the latter is made to grip it by depressing the outer part of the lever M. The rollers are rotated by rotating the shaft E, and the rod D, is raised under the action of the wheels or rollers. When the rod reaches the desired height, the lever M, is released and the springs J, J, throw back the wheel or roller H, and the rod D, being thereby released from the grip of the rollers, falls by its own gravity.

The lever M, may be actuated by hand, or by steam. In the latter case, the steam enters one of the ports j, and when the cock Q, is turned in the position as shown in Fig. 5, passes down through the tube 0, into cylinder N, and of course forces down the latter and lever M, and applies the wheels or rollers to the rod D. When the latter has been elevated to the proper height, the operator turns the cock Q, so as to cut off the steam from 7, and allow it to exhaust through 1'. By this arrangement it will be seen that the length of the stroke of rod D, may be regulated at the will of the operator and by a very simple arrangement of means.

It, is a mortar to which the uprights A, A, are attached. This mortar has a flaring orifice at, as shown clearly in Fig. i. S is a pestle which is attached to the lower end of the block C, by a dovetail joint 70, as shown in Fig. 2. This mode of connection admits of a new pestle being readily at-' tached to the block whenever required. The pestle S, may be of quadrilateral form, corresponding to the form of the mortar R, and the under surface of the pestle is concave, corresponding inversely in form with an anvil T, which is placed on a ledge or projection U, the anvil forming the bottom of the mortar. The flaring top or upper part a", of the mortar is supported by four uprights 1%, and the spaces 0", between the undersides of the top (4*, and the sides cl of the ledge or projection U, form discharge passages for the escape of the crushed substance.

The substance to be crushed is placed in the flaring orifice or hopper a", of the mortar R, and each time the pestle S, descends the latter not only performs its legitimate work of crushing on the anvil T, but also serves to force the crushed substance through the discharge passages 0*, by reason of the lateral extension of the pestle beyond the sides of the anvil and through the orifices of the passages 0*, from whence the said passages descend and increase rapidly in size. By this means the choking of the discharge ports is effectually prevented.

The anvil T, is provided with a shank which fits in a suitable aperture in the ledge U, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, so as to admit of the removal of the anvil to replace it with a new one when worn or to permit the use of anvils of diflerent heights so as to regulate the capacity of the ports 0",

and thereby the size to which the rocks are broken.

I do not confine myself to any particular form or proportion of the parts of my mortar as I may find it convenient to change these from time to time, nor do I confine myself to the combination of a mortar with the particular style of hammer above described, as a mortar may be used to advantage with either a steam or trip hammer.

I am aware that mortars have been used in stamping mills for the purpose of pulverizing rock. I do not therefore claim such an application of a mortar; neither do I claim as new or confine myself to the concave and convex form of the faces of the pestle and anvil respectively, such forms being neither new nor essential to the effective operation of my machine; but

What I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. Operating or elevating the pestle rod D, through the medium of the wheels or rollers H, H, the former one H being on a stationary rotating shaft E, and the latter H on an adjustable shaft I which is actuaed by means of a lever M with any convenient power applied to it; in connection with the springs J, J or their equivalents.

2. The construction of the mortar R, with a central receiving hopper a anvil T, and descending discharge ports 0*, in combinanation with a pestle S, working within the hopper a", and operating in connection with the anvil T, and discharge ports a", substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

SAML. F. I-IODGE.

WVitnesses GEORGE A. BRADY, IsAAo DE GRAFF. 

